Oriental, Conventional and Non-conventional learning programmes in India Quiz

Mastering the Higher Education System: A Comprehensive Guide for UGC NET, SET, and Assistant Professor Exams

For aspirants targeting UGC NET Paper 1, AP SET, or TGSET, mastering the Higher Education System (Unit-X) is non-negotiable. This unit bridges the gap between India’s glorious academic past and its future-ready policies like NEP 2020. Whether you are preparing for Degree College Lecturer exams or aiming for a Junior Research Fellowship (JRF), understanding the following core areas is essential for success.

1. From Ancient Gurukuls to Modern Universities

India’s legacy as a “Vishwaguru” is rooted in institutions of higher learning in ancient India. Famous centers like Takshashila (taxila), Nalanda, Vikramshila, and Vallabhi were global pioneers in philosophy, medicine, and mathematics. In modern exams, questions frequently appear on the founders of these universities (e.g., Dharmapala for Vikramshila) and the specific subjects they taught.

The evolution of higher learning in Post-Independence India saw a shift towards structured governance. Key milestones include the Radhakrishnan Commission (1948), which led to the formation of the UGC (University Grants Commission) in 1956, and the Kothari Commission (1964-66), which recommended the 10+2+3 structure.

2. Diverse Learning Streams: Oriental, Conventional, and Non-Conventional

Modern Indian education is a blend of three distinct categories:

Oriental Learning: Programs focused on traditional Indian knowledge, Indology, and languages (e.g., Sanskrit and Vedic studies).
Conventional Learning: Standard classroom-based education in Science, Arts, and Commerce.
Non-Conventional Learning: Flexible, learner-centric models including Distance Education, Open Universities (like IGNOU), and digital platforms like SWAYAM.

3. Professional, Technical, and Skill-Based Education

With the rise of the global economy, the focus has shifted toward Professional and Technical education. Regulatory bodies like AICTE (for technical) and NCTE (for teacher education) ensure quality. Furthermore, Skill-Based education and vocational training (under the National Skills Qualifications Framework – NSQF) are now central to the NEP 2020 vision of making students “industry-ready.”

4. Value Education, Governance, and Administration

Beyond academics, Value Education and Environmental Education are now mandatory components to foster ethical and sustainable citizenship. On the administrative side, understanding the Policies, Governance, and Administration of higher education is vital. This includes the roles of the President of India as the Visitor of Central Universities and the functioning of the Ministry of Education (MoE).

Stay updated with examchamchamps.in for the latest mock tests, PYQs, and study notes on the National Education Policy 2020 to stay ahead in your SET and NET preparation.

ExamChamps | Higher Education Quiz

⏱ TIME: 00:00 EXAMCHAMPS.IN

01. Which stage of Oriental learning involves “reflecting and thinking independently”?

Sravana Manana Nididhyasana Indology

Manana is the second stage of learning where the student reflects on what was heard (Sravana).

02. The Asiatic Society in Kolkata was founded by:

R.G. Bhandarkar Sir William Jones Annie Besant Lord Macaulay

Sir William Jones founded The Asiatic Society in 1784 to study Asian culture and languages.

03. Which is a characteristic feature of Conventional Learning?

Learner-Oriented pace No mandatory attendance Fixed curriculum & time-table Digital self-paced modules

Conventional education is rigid, campus-based, and follows a prescribed structure.

04. “Tea Tasting” and “Ethical Hacking” are examples of:

Oriental Programmes Conventional Programmes Non-Conventional Programmes Vedic Studies

These are unique vocational/out-of-the-box courses categorized as non-conventional.

05. The Guru-Shishya Parampara is most closely associated with:

Oriental Learning Distance Education MOOCs Brick-and-mortar colleges

Oriental learning traditionally relies on the oral transmission of knowledge between a Guru and Shishya.

06. SWAYAM is an example of which type of learning programme?

Ancient Oriental Non-Conventional Conventional Teacher-Centric

SWAYAM is India’s MOOC platform, providing flexible and digital non-conventional education.

07. The study of museum management is known as:

Indology Museology Gerontology Sommelier

Museology is the specific study of museum organization and management.

08. Which institute is located in Pune and famous for Indology?

The Mythic Society Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute Adyar Library Asiatic Society

Founded in 1917, BORI (Pune) is a world-renowned center for Indological research.

09. Non-conventional learning is primarily:

Teacher-Centric Learner-Oriented Exam-Rigid Attendance-based

In non-conventional systems, the learner decides the pace, time, and sometimes content.

10. Gerontology is the study of:

Ancient Scripts Tea Leaves Aging Plants

Gerontology is a non-conventional vocational field focusing on the social and biological study of aging.

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Why this version is better for ExamChamps:

Comprehensive Coverage: Covers early commissions (Radhakrishnan), the middle era (IGNOU, NAAC), and the latest developments (NEP 2020).

Research Focus: Includes questions on research bodies like ISRO, CSIR, and NRF as per your request on “Research in Post-Independence India.”

Pedagogical Value: Each question has a “hidden” explanation that reveals only after submission, which is a great way to retain users on your site longer.

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